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C00003 00003	\specialappbegin I. {Index}
C00057 00004	\postindexappbegin S. {Special notes about using \TEX\ at Stanford}
C00062 ENDMK
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\specialappbegin I. {Index}
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This index includes all control sequences known to \TEX\ or defined in
Appendix B, and it also lists error messages that are mentioned outside of
Chapter 27.

\vfill\eject % this page will be overlapped, when \2 is T
\def\¬{\par\hangindent 16pt \noindent\!}
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\def\newletter#1{\par\penalty-300
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{\≡\A≡\} (circumflex), 38, 64, 132.\¬
{\≡\a≡\} (Scandinavian accent), 38--39, 132.\¬
Abbreviations, 49, 154.\¬
{\≡\above≡\} (general fraction), 68, 134, 139.\¬
Absolute value, 76, 84, 87.\¬
{\≡\accent≡\} (nonstandard accent character), 36, 82, 132.\¬
\<accent\>, 123, 132, 143.\¬
Accents, 8, 10, 35--36, 38--39, 44, 53--54, 123, 143.
\*in math formulas, 64, 132--133.
\*table, 38.\¬
Acute accent, 8, 10, 35, 132.\¬
{\≡\advcount≡\} (advance a counter), 60, 111, 113, 120, 129, 137.\¬
{\≡\AE≡\} ( \AE\ ), 37, 122.\¬
{\≡\ae≡\} ( \ae\ ), 37, 122, 148.\¬
{\tt after}, 56, 120, 129.\¬
{\≡\aleph≡\} ( $\aleph$ ), 10, 179.\¬
Alignment, 104--109, 117--118, 126--127, 135, 140, 144.\¬
{\tt alignsize}, 144.\¬
{\≡\alpha≡\} ( $\alpha$ ), 35, 61, 132, 177.\¬
\<alt-mode\>\ ({\tt ALT}), 32, 165.\¬
{\≡! Ambiguous...≡\}, 134, 139.\¬
{\≡\angle≡\} ( $\angle$ ), 179.\¬
Angle brackets, 41, 75, {\sl see also} {\≡\langle≡\}, {\≡\rangle≡\}.\¬
Angstrom unit, 38--39.\¬
Answers to the exercises, 148--151.\¬
Apostrophe, 4.\¬
{\≡\approx≡\} ( $\approx$ ), 52, 61, 178.\¬
Argument, 97.\¬
Ascii, 168.\¬
{\≡\Ascr≡\} ( $\Ascr$ ), 10, 177.\¬
{\≡\ast≡\} ( $\ast$ ), 178.\¬
AT&T, 108.\¬
\<atom\>, 84, 132.\¬
{\≡\atop≡\} (ruleless fraction), 67, 71, 134, 139, 149.
\newletter b
{\≡\b≡\} (vector accent), 38, 64, 132.\¬
Backslash, 7, 28.\¬
Backspace, 45, {\sl see also} \<delete\>, Negative glue, {\≡\spose≡\}.\¬
Badness, 47, 55, 58.\¬
Bar accent, 38--39, 64, 132.\¬
Baseline, 14--15, 42--45.\¬
{\≡\baselineskip≡\} (normal vertical spacing between baselines), 18, 58, 60,
 100, 109, 112, 115, 118, 119, 127, 128, 136, 149, 153.\¬
Basic \TEX\ format, 10, 19, 151--153.\¬
{\tt basic.TEX}, 19, 151--153.\¬
{\≡\beta≡\} ( $\beta$ ), 61, 132, 177.\¬
{\≡\bf≡\} (boldface), 12, 153.\¬
Bibliographic references, 14, 154.\¬
{\≡\biggglp≡\} (superlarge left parenthesis), 78, 153.\¬
{\≡\bigggrp≡\} (superlarge right parenthesis), 78, 153.\¬
{\≡\bigglp≡\} (large left parenthesis), 77--78, 96, 149, 153.\¬
{\≡\biggrp≡\} (large right parenthesis), 78, 96, 149, 153.\¬
{\≡\biglp≡\} (largish left parenthesis), 78, 81--82, 97, 149, 153.\¬
{\≡\bigrp≡\} (largish right parenthesis), 78, 81--82, 97, 149, 153.\¬
Bin box, 82--85, 132--133, 176.\¬
Binary operation, 55--56, 82--83, 96, 178.\¬
Black box, 43.\¬
{\≡\blackslug≡\} ( \hjust{\hskip 1pt\vrule width3.2pt height4.8pt depth1.2pt
\hskip1pt} ), 158, 167.\¬
Blank delimiter, 75--77.\¬
Blank line, 23, 28, 32.\¬
Blank space character, 5, 8--9, 12, 17, 25, 28, 30--33, 38, 41, 61, 80, 98, 106,
 114.
\*summary, 33.\¬
{\≡\bot≡\} ( $\bot$ ), 179.\¬
{\≡\botinsert≡\} (insertion at bottom of page), 52, 54, 57, 59, 118, 127, 167.\¬
{\≡\botmark≡\} (current mark at bottom of page), 110--111, 117, 126, 135, 166.\¬
{\≡\botskip≡\} (glue above {\≡botinsert≡\}), 59, 119, 128, 136.\¬
Bound insertion, 127.\¬
{\≡\box≡\} ({\≡\save≡\}d box), 101, 102, 115--116, 124, 133.\¬
\<box\>, 115, 124, 133.\¬
Boxes, 41--46, 99--103.\¬
{\≡\boxit≡\}, 101.\¬
Braces, variable-width horizontal, 103, 174.\¬
Braces, variable-width vertical, 75, 174.\¬
Breaking lists of lines into pages, 57--60.\¬
Breaking math formulas, in text, 54--55, 84--85, 120, 129.
\*in displays, 94--96.\¬
Breaking paragraphs into lines, 25--26, 52--57, 71, 101.\¬
Breaks between pages, legal, 57.\¬
Breaks in paragraph, feasible, 55.
\*legal, 54--55.\¬
Breve accent, 38--39, 132.\¬
{\≡\Bscr≡\} ( $\Bscr$ ), 10, 177.\¬
{\≡\bullet≡\} ( $\bullet$ ), 159, 178.
\newletter c
{\≡\c≡\} (cedilla accent), 23, 38--39, 132.\¬
Calculus, 81--82.\¬
Capacity of \TEX, 143--144.\¬
{\≡\≡\}\<carriage-return\>, 12.\¬
\<carriage-return\>\ ({\tt CR}), 21, 28, 29, 32, 95, 165.\¬
{\≡\cdot≡\} ( $\cdot$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\cdots≡\} ( $\cdots$ ), 86, 149, 152.\¬
{\≡\cdotss≡\} ({\≡\cdots≡\} followed by space), 86--87, 152.\¬
Cedilla accent, 23, 37--39.\¬
{\≡\char≡\} (specified character number), 34, 73--74, 79, 84, 116, 123, 132.\¬
\<char\>, 116.\¬
Character categories, table, 28.\¬
Character conversion in math mode, 35, 60, 176.\¬
{\≡\chcode≡\} (change category code), 18, 32, 115, 119, 128, 131, 137, 141, 148,
 151.\¬
{\≡\chi≡\} ( $\chi$ ), 4, 149, 177.\¬
{\≡\choose≡\} (binomial coefficient), 67--69, 149, 152.\¬
{\≡\chop≡\} (change depth of box), 78, 150, 152.\¬
{\≡\chpar≡\} (change \TEX\ integer parameter), 56, 59, 85, 115, 119--120, 128--129, 137,
 141.\¬
{\≡\circ≡\} ( $\circ$ ), 178.\¬
Circumflex accent, 38, 64, 132.\¬
Close box, 82--84, 133, 176.\¬
{\tt cm} (centimeter), 10, 40--41.\¬
cmathx, 103, 153, 174--175.\¬
cmb10, 36, 153, 170.\¬
cmi10, 74, 132, 172.\¬
cmr10, 14, 26, 36, 42, 103, 153, 170.\¬
cms10, 36, 42, 153, 170.\¬
cmss10, 36, 170.\¬
cmsy10, 153, 173.\¬
cmti10, 74, 153, 172.\¬
cmu10, 172.\¬
Colon, 48.\¬
Colon-equal operator, 91.\¬
{\≡\comb≡\} (combinatorial formula), 64, 69, 134, 139.\¬
Comma, 48, 71--72, 82, 85.\¬
Computer Modern fonts, 14, 170.\¬
Conditional text, 111--114, 121, 130, 137, 140, 150.\¬
Consonant, 181.\¬
Contents of this manual, table, 3.\¬
Continued fractions, 69.\¬
Control sequences, 8--12, 21, 27, 30--31, 33, 98, 114--115, 122, 131.
\*complete list, 187-197.
\*how to define, 96--99.
\*tracing, 147.\¬
Control space, 8--9, 12, 33, 49, 81, 123, 133.\¬
Conversion of characters in math mode, 35, 60, 176.\¬
{\≡\copyright≡\} ( $\copyright$ ), 61, 179.\¬
{\≡\cos≡\} (cosine operator), 72--73, 151.\¬
{\≡\cot≡\} (cotangent operator), 72, 151.\¬
{\≡\count≡\} (value of a counter), 34, 60, 111--113, 120, 129, 137.\¬
Counters, 111, 120, 129, 137.\¬
{\≡\cpile≡\} (centered pile), 89, 93, 152.\¬
{\≡\cr≡\} (end of row or column to be aligned), 88--89, 104--107, 117--118, 126--127,
 135, 140, 144.\¬
{\≡\csc≡\} (cosecant operator), 72, 151.\¬
{\≡\Cscr≡\} ( $\Cscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\ctr≡\} (centerify), 88--89, 104--106, 151.\¬
{\≡\ctrline≡\} (centered line), 15--16, 20--21, 26--27, 50, 112, 151.\¬
Cube root, 63.\¬
Current font selections, 12--15, 18, 36, 73, 115, 118--119, 127--128, 118--119,
 127--128, 140, 145.\¬
Current math fonts, 73--74, 118--119, 127--128.
\newletter d
{\≡\dag≡\} ( $\dag$ ), 61, 179.\¬
Dangerous bend, 2, 47, 74.\¬
Dash, 5--6, 20, 27, 29, 35, 54, 80.\¬
{\≡\dashv≡\} ( $\dashv$ ), 178.\¬
{\tt dd} (Didot point), 40.\¬
{\≡\ddag≡\} ( $\ddag$ ), 61, 179.\¬
{\≡\ddt≡\} (debugging aid), 121, 130, 137, 142.\¬
{\≡\def≡\} (define a control sequence), 7, 16, 18, 33, 96--99, 112, 115, 118,
 122, 127, 131, 136, 141, 143, 151--153.\¬
Definition of control sequences, {\sl see} {\≡\def≡\}.\¬
{\≡\deg≡\} (degree symbol), 154.\¬
\<delete\>\ ({\tt BS}), 32, 165.\¬
\<delim\>, 75, 79.\¬
{\≡\Delta≡\} ( $\Delta$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\delta≡\} ( $\delta$ ), 61, 177.\¬
{\≡\Deltait≡\} ( $\Deltait$ ), 177.\¬
Demerits, 55--56.\¬
Denominator, 66, 134.\¬
Depth, 41--45.
\*of completed page, 59.\¬
{\tt depth}, 99.\¬
{\≡\det≡\} (determinant operator), 72, 152.\¬
Dick and Jane, 48.\¬
Didot point, 40.\¬
Digit-width space, 164, 165.\¬
\<dimen\>, 41, 141.\¬
\<dimenparam\>, 119, 128, 136.\¬
Dimension parameters, 119, 128, 136.\¬
Dimensions, 40--42.\¬
Discretionary hyphen, 26, 54--55, 124, 143.\¬
Discretionary times sign, 55, 85, 134.\¬
{\≡\dispaskip≡\} (glue above display following short line), 92, 119, 128,
 136, 153.\¬
{\≡\dispbskip≡\} (glue below display following short line), 92, 119, 128,
 136, 153.\¬
\<display\>, 125, 130.\¬
Display break penalty, 120, 129.\¬
Display math mode, 50--52.
\*summary, 130--138.\¬
Display style, 65--67, 92.\¬
Displayed formulas, 58, 91--96.\¬
{\≡\dispskip≡\} (glue above and below displays), 92, 119, 128, 136, 153.\¬
{\≡\dispstyle≡\} (display style), 68, 135.\¬
{\≡\div≡\} ( $\div$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\dleft≡\} ( $\dleft$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\doteq≡\} ( $\doteq$ ), 10, 178.\¬
Dotless letters, {\sl see} {\≡\i≡\}, {\≡\j≡\}, {\≡\iit≡\}, {\≡\jit≡\}.\¬
Dots, 85--87, 90--91.\¬
{\≡! Double ...≡\}, 132, 140.\¬
{\≡\down≡\} ( $\down$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\dright≡\} ( $\dright$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\Dscr≡\} ( $\Dscr$ ), 177.\¬
Dynamic programming, 55.
\newletter e
Editing on-line, 22, 147.\¬
{\≡\eject≡\} (force page break and line break), 24, 54--55, 57, 84, 112, 117,
 126, 135.\¬
Ellipses (three dots), 49, 85--87, 90--91.\¬
{\≡\else≡\} (begin false text of conditional input), 33, 111--114, 121, 130,
 137, 140.\¬
Em-dash, 5--6, 27, 29, 80.\¬
{\≡\emptyset≡\} ( $\emptyset$ ), 179.\¬
En-dash, 5--6, 17, 35, 148, 155.\¬
{\≡\end≡\} (terminate \TEX), 23, 52, 121, 140.\¬
End of line, 28, 30--31, 33.\¬
End of page in input file, 32, 141.\¬
End of paragraph, 23, 28, 30--32, 51, 57, 114, 125, 135, 146.\¬
{\≡\ENDV≡\}, 118, 126--127.\¬
{\≡\epsilon≡\} ( $\epsilon$ ), 4, 61, 177.\¬
{\≡\eqalign≡\} (align equations), 92--96, 107, 152.\¬
{\≡\eqalignno≡\} (align numbered equations), 93--94, 107, 152.\¬
{\≡\eqno≡\} (displayed equation number), 91--94, 135--136.\¬
Equation numbers, 91--94, 135.\¬
{\≡\eqv≡\} ( $≡$ ), 88, 152.\¬
Error messages, 187, {\sl see also} Error recovery.
\*complete list, 139--146.\¬
Error recovery, 21--27, 114--115, 122, 131, 138--148.\¬
{\tt errors.tmp}, 24, 26, 147.\¬
Escape character, 7, 18, 28, 30--32.\¬
Escape space, 8--9, 12, 33, 49, 81, 123, 133.\¬
{\≡\Escr≡\} ( $\Escr$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\eta≡\} ( $\eta$ ), 177.\¬
{\tt ex} fonts, 73--74, 79, 118, 124, 125, 127, 134, 174--175.\¬
Exception dictionary, 182--186.\¬
Exclamation point, 48, 71, 82.\¬
Exercises, 2.
\*answers, 148--151.\¬
{\≡\exp≡\} (exponential operator), 72--73, 152.\¬
{\tt expand}, 100, 104, 115, 124, 133.\¬
Expansion of macros, 98, 106--107, 147.\¬
Extension fonts, 73--74, 79, 118, 124, 125, 127, 134, 174--175.\¬
Extensions to \TEX, 117, 126, 135, 198.\¬
{\≡! Extra \right≡\}, 131, 140.\¬
{\≡! Extra }≡\}, 115, 122, 131, 140.
\newletter f
Factorial, 82, 91.\¬
Feasible breaks in paragraph, 55.\¬
ffl, {\sl see} Ligatures.\¬
File name, 25, 33, 121, 139.\¬
Floating insertion, 59, 118, 127.\¬
{\tt fmemsize}, 144.\¬
\<font\>, 74, 118--119, 127--128, {\sl see also} Font codes.\¬
Font codes, 13--14, 33, 141.
\*table, 14.\¬
Font definition, 12--15, 18, 36, 73--74, 115, 118--119, 127--128, 118--119,
 127--128, 140, 145.\¬
Font tables, 168--179.\¬
Fonts, 12--15.\¬
{\≡\footnote≡\} (insert footnote), 13, 164, 167.\¬
Footnotes, 12--13, 164.\¬
Footnotes, 164.\¬
{\tt for}, 56, 120, 129.\¬
Foreign language characters and accents, 37--39, 53--54.\¬
\<form-feed\>\ ({\tt FF}), 29, 32, 165.\¬
{\≡\≡\}\<form-feed\>, 12.\¬
\<format\>, 104--106.\¬
\<formula\>, 91, 125, 130.\¬
Fractions, 64--69, 134.
{\≡\Fscr≡\} ( $\Fscr$ ), 17
\newletter g
{\≡\Gamma≡\} ( $\Gamma$ ), 11, 61, 177.\¬
{\≡\gamma≡\} ( $\gamma$ ), 11, 61, 177.\¬
{\≡\Gammait≡\} ( $\Gammait$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\gcd≡\} (greatest common divisor operator), 72, 88, 152.\¬
{\≡\gdef≡\} (global {\≡\def≡\}), 18, 98, 112, 115, 118, 122, 127, 131, 136.\¬
{\≡\glb≡\} ( $\glb$ ), 178.\¬
Glue, 41, 45--50, 54, 57--59, 80--81, 116, 125, 133.
\*above and below displays, 92.
\*above and below insertions, 59.
\*at top of page, 59, 153.
\*between lines, {\sl see} Interline glue.
\*between paragraphs, 57.
\*between words, {\sl see} Variable space.
\*between aligned columns or rows, 105--109.
\*setting of, 46, 99--103.\¬
Glue parameter definitions, 115, 119, 128, 136.\¬
\<glueparam\>, 119, 128, 136.\¬
Grave accent, 38, 132, 148.\¬
{\≡\grgr≡\} ( $\grgr$ ), 178.\¬
Grouping, 13, 15--18, 28, 62--63, 76, 84, 98, 115, 122.
\*within groups, 15--16.\¬
{\≡\Gscr≡\} ( $\Gscr$ ), 177.
\newletter h
{\≡\H≡\} (long Hungarian umlaut), 38, 132.\¬
{\≡\halign≡\} (horizontal alignment), 52, 88--89, 92, 104--109, 117, 127, 135,
 140.\¬
{\≡! \halign in display ...≡\}, 95, 140.\¬
{\≡\hangindent≡\} (hanging indentation), 56, 120, 129.\¬
Hanging indentation, 56, 120, 129.\¬
{\tt hashsize}, 144.\¬
Hat accent, 38, 64, 132.\¬
Height, 41--45.
\*of completed page, 59.\¬
{\tt height}, 99.\¬
{\≡\hfill≡\} (horizontal glue fill), 50, 69, 109, 113, 125, 133, 145.\¬
{\≡\hjust≡\} (horizontal justification), 52, 73, 93, 99--103, 105, 115, 124,
 133, 145.\¬
\<hlist\>, 99, 121.\¬
Horizontal braces, 103.\¬
Horizontal glue, 45--47, 50, 84, 125, 133.\¬
Horizontal list, 43--45, 99, 121.\¬
Horizontal mode, 23, 50--52, 57.
\*summary, 121--130.\¬
Horizontal rule, 43, 99, 101, 102, 105, 108--109, 115.\¬
{\≡\hrule≡\} (horizontal rule), 43, 99, 102, 108, 115, 148.\¬
{\≡\Hscr≡\} ( $\Hscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\hsize≡\} (page width), 18, 20, 24--25, 50, 53, 56, 112--113, 119, 121, 128,
 136, 150.\¬
{\≡\hskip≡\} (horizontal glue), 47, 50, 84, 125, 133.\¬
Hyphen, 5--6, 54, {\sl see also} Discretionary hyphen.\¬
Hyphenation, 53--56, 180--186.\¬
Hyphenation penalties, 54, 56, 120, 129.
\newletter i
{\≡\i≡\} (dotless i), 39.\¬
{\tt idlevs}, 144.\¬
{\≡\if≡\} (test equality of characters), 33, 111--114, 121, 130, 137, 140, 150.\¬
{\≡\ifeven≡\} (test parity of counter), 33, 111--113, 121, 130, 137, 140, 150.\¬
Ignored character, 28, 30--31.\¬
Ignore space, 31, 106, 112, 124, 133.\¬
{\≡\iit≡\} (dotless $i$), 179.\¬
{\≡! Illegal ...≡\}, 141, 146.\¬
{\≡\imag≡\} ( $\imag$ ), 179.\¬
{\tt in} (inch), 40--41.\¬
{\≡\in≡\} ( $\in$ ), 61, 178.\¬
Indentation, 56, 116--117, {\sl see also} Hanging indentation.\¬
{\≡\inf≡\} (infimum operator), 72, 152.\¬
Infinite stretchability, 49--50.\¬
{\≡\infty≡\} ( $\infty$ ), 74, 179.\¬
{\≡\input≡\} (read specified file), 8, 19, 24--25, 121.\¬
Insertions, into manuscript, 22.
\*into pages, 59, 118, 127.\¬
{\≡\int≡\} ( $\int$ ), 69, 81, 149, 179.\¬
Integration, 69--70, 91.\¬
{\≡\inter≡\} ( $\inter$ ), 179.\¬
Inter-word glue, {\sl see} Variable space.\¬
{\≡\interc≡\} ( $\interc$ ), 178.\¬
Interline glue, 45, 58, 100, 109, 115.\¬
{\≡\iota≡\} ( $\iota$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\Iscr≡\} ( $\Iscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\tt it} fonts, 73--74, 125, 172.\¬
{\≡\it≡\} (italic), 153.\¬
Italic correction, 43, 124, 132, 134, 142, 149.\¬
Italic fonts, 73--74, 125, 172.\¬
Italic letters, 74.
\newletter j
{\≡\j≡\} (dotless j), 39.\¬
{\≡\jit≡\} (dotless $j$), 179.\¬
{\≡\join≡\} ( $\join$ ), 179.\¬
Jokes, 2.\¬
{\≡\jpar≡\} (justification feasibility parameter), 18, 25--26, 56, 120, 129,
 143, 151.\¬
{\≡\Jscr≡\} ( $\Jscr$ ), 177.
\newletter k
{\≡\kappa≡\} ( $\kappa$ ), 177.\¬
Kerning, 6, 123.\¬
Knuth, Donald E., 1, 10, 14, 155.\¬
{\≡\Kscr≡\} ( $\Kscr$ ), 177.
\newletter l
{\≡\l≡\} (Polish accent), 38, 132, 148.\¬
{\≡\Lambda≡\} ( $\Lambda$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\lambda≡\} ( $\lambda$ ), 88, 177.\¬
{\≡\Lambdait≡\} ( $\Lambdait$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\langle≡\} ( $\langle$ ), 75, 178.\¬
Large delimiters, 74--79, 141.\¬
Large operators, 70, 73, 77--78.\¬
{\≡\lceil≡\} ( $\lceil$ ), 75, 178.\¬
{\≡\ldots≡\} ( $\ldots$ ), 49, 51, 86--87, 152.\¬
{\≡\ldotsm≡\} ({\≡\ldots≡\} in multiplication), 86--87, 149, 152.\¬
{\≡\ldotss≡\} ({\≡\ldots≡\} followed by space), 86--87, 96--97, 152.\¬
Leaders, 102--103, 116, 125, 139, 150.\¬
{\≡\leaders≡\} (leaders), 102--103, 116, 125, 139, 150.\¬
{\≡\left≡\} (variable-size left delimiter), 75--79, 82, 88--89, 96, 131.\¬
Left brace, 75, 79, 88.\¬
{\≡\leftset≡\} ($\{$ in set definition), 88, 152.\¬
{\≡\leftv≡\} ( $\leftv$ ), 87, 90, 178.\¬
{\≡\leftvv≡\} ( $\leftvv$ ), 87, 178.\¬
Letter, 28, 32.\¬
\<letter\>, 122, 131.\¬
{\≡\lfloor≡\} ( $\lfloor$ ), 75, 178.\¬
{\≡\lft≡\} (leftify), 89--90, 151.\¬
{\≡\lg≡\} (binary logarithm operator), 72, 151.\¬
Liang, Frank M., 180.\¬
Ligatures, 6, 10, 35, 123.\¬
{\≡\lim≡\} (limit operator), 72--73, 151.\¬
{\≡\liminf≡\} (inferior limit operator), 72, 151.\¬
Limits to operators, 70--71, 73, 134.\¬
{\≡\limitswitch≡\} (change position of limits), 70, 134, 142, 151.\¬
{\≡\limsup≡\} (superior limit operator), 72, 151.\¬
Line break penalties, 54, 56, 120, 126, 129, 135.\¬
Line breaking, 25--26, 52--57, 71, 101.\¬
\<line-feed\>\ ({\tt LF}), 32, 165.\¬
{\≡\≡\}\<line-feed\>, 12.\¬
Line rules, 43, 99, 101, 102, 105, 108--109, 115, 124.\¬
{\≡\lineskip≡\} (vertical glue between boxes with distant baselines), 58, 100, 109, 112,
 115, 119, 128, 136, 149, 153.\¬
{\≡\ln≡\} (natural logarithm operator), 72, 151.\¬
{\≡\log≡\} (logarithm operator), 72--73, 151.\¬
{\≡\lower≡\} (shift a box down), 102, 125, 133.\¬
{\≡\lpile≡\} (left-justified pile), 90, 93, 152.\¬
{\≡\Lscr≡\} ( $\Lscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\lscr≡\} ( $\lscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\lsh≡\} ( $\lsh$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\lsls≡\} ( $\lsls$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\lub≡\} ( $\lub$ ), 178.
\newletter m
Macron accent, 38--39, 64, 132.\¬
Macros, definition of, {\sl see} {\≡\def≡\}.
\*expansion of, 98, 106--107, 147.
\*tracing, 147.
\*use of, 96--99, 115, 122, 131.\¬
{\≡\mapsto≡\} ( $\mapsto$ ), 61, 178.\¬
Margins, {\sl see} {\≡\hsize≡\}, {\≡\hangindent≡\}.\¬
{\≡\mark≡\} (define a mark), 33, 110--112, 117, 141.\¬
Marks, 110--112, 117, 126, 135.\¬
Math formulas, breaking, 54--55, 84--85, 94--96, 120, 129.\¬
Math formulas, how to type, 60--96.\¬
Math mode, 33, 49, 50--52, 57.
\*character conversion in, 35, 60, 176.
\*summary, 130--138.\¬
{\≡\mathbin≡\} (Bin box), 84, 132.\¬
\<mathchar\>, 131--132.\¬
{\≡\mathclose≡\} (Close box), 84, 132.\¬
\<mathcontrol\>, 132.\¬
{\≡\mathex≡\} (define {\tt ex} font), 74, 118, 127, 153.\¬
\<mathglue\>, 133.\¬
{\≡\mathit≡\} (define {\tt it} font), 74, 119, 128, 153.\¬
{\≡\mathop≡\} (Op box), 84, 132.\¬
{\≡\mathopen≡\} (Open box), 84, 132.\¬
{\≡\mathpunct≡\} (Punct box), 84, 132.\¬
{\≡\mathrel≡\} (Rel box), 84, 132.\¬
{\≡\mathrm≡\} (define {\tt rm} font), 74, 119, 128, 153.\¬
{\≡\mathsy≡\} (define {\tt sy} font), 74, 119, 128, 153.\¬
\<mathstyle\>, 135.\¬
Matrices, 88--91, 104.\¬
{\≡\max≡\} (maximum operator), 72--73, 83, 151.\¬
{\≡\maxdepth≡\} (maximum page depth), 18, 59--60, 112--113, 119, 128, 136, 153.\¬
{\≡\meet≡\} ( $\meet$ ), 179.\¬
{\tt memsize}, 144.\¬
Metric units, 40.\¬
{\≡\min≡\} (minimum operator), 72, 83, 151.\¬
{\tt minus}, 47, 50.\¬
Minus sign, 5--6, 36, 60.\¬
{\≡! Missing ...≡\}, 21, 142.\¬
{\≡! Missing \cr ...≡\}, 115, 122, 142.\¬
{\≡! Missing \right≡\}, 131, 142.\¬
{\≡! Missing $ ...≡\}, 135, 142.\¬
{\≡! Missing {≡\}, 138, 142.\¬
{\≡! Missing }≡\}, 118, 127, 131, 142.\¬
\<mlist\>, 130.\¬
{\tt mm} (millimeter), 40.\¬
{\≡\mod≡\} (modulus operator), 88, 152.\¬
Modes, 23, 29, 50--52, 146.\¬
{\≡\modop≡\} (mod operator), 88, 149, 152, 154.\¬
{\≡\moveleft≡\} (shift a box left), 102, 116.\¬
{\≡\moveright≡\} (shift a box right), 102, 116.\¬
{\≡\mp≡\} ( $\mp$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\Mscr≡\} ( $\Mscr$ ), 149, 177.\¬
{\≡\mu≡\} ( $\mu$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\munion≡\} ( $\munion$ ), 179.
\newletter n
{\≡\nabla≡\} ( $\nabla$ ), 179.\¬
Narrow margins, 26, 53.\¬
Natural width of list, 46, 48, 101, 105.\¬
Negative dimensions, 44--45.\¬
Negative glue, 50, 81, 109.\¬
{\≡\neqv≡\} ( $\neqv$ ), 88, 152, 178.\¬
{\tt nestsize}, 144.\¬
Newspapers, 26.\¬
{\≡\noalign≡\} (disable alignment), 33, 93, 105, 107--108, 118, 127.\¬
{\≡\noindent≡\} (begin nonindented paragraph), 56, 112, 116.\¬
\<nonmathletter\>, 122.\¬
{\≡\not≡\} (cancel relation), 152, 178.\¬
{\≡\notin≡\} ( $\notin$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\Nscr≡\} ( $\Nscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\nu≡\} ( $\nu$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\null≡\} (empty box of size zero), 59, 95--96, 107, 149, 152, 153.\¬
\<null\>\ ({\tt NUL}), 32, 165.\¬
\<number\>, 33, 34, 40--41.\¬
Number theory formulas, 88, 154.\¬
Numerator, 66, 134.
\newletter o
{\tt O} vs.\ {\tt 0}, 73, 81--82.\¬
{\≡\O≡\} ( \O\ ), 37, 122, 148.\¬
{\≡\o≡\} ( \o\ ), 37, 122.\¬
Octal notation, 34.\¬
{\≡\odiv≡\} ( $\odiv$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\odot≡\} ( $\odot$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\odotprod≡\} ( $\odotprod$ ), 179.\¬
{\≡\OE≡\} ( \OE\ ), 37, 122.\¬
{\≡\oe≡\} ( \oe\ ), 37, 54, 122.\¬
{\≡\oint≡\} ( $\oint$ ), 179.\¬
{\≡\Omega≡\} ( $\Omega$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\omega≡\} ( $\omega$ ), 61, 177.\¬
{\≡\Omegait≡\} ( $\Omegait$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\ominus≡\} ( $\ominus$ ), 178.\¬
On-line editing, 22, 147.\¬
Op box, 82--84, 132, 134, 142, 176.\¬
Open box, 82--84, 133, 176.\¬
{\≡\oplus≡\} ( $\oplus$ ), 10, 178.\¬
{\≡\oprod≡\} ( $\oprod$ ), 179.\¬
\<optional sign\>, 40.\¬
Ord box, 82--84, 132, 176.\¬
Organs, 29.\¬
{\≡\Oscr≡\} ( $\Oscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\osum≡\} ( $\osum$ ), 179.\¬
Other character, 28, 32.\¬
\<otherchar\>, 28, 32, 122, 131.\¬
{\≡\otimes≡\} ( $\otimes$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\output≡\} (define output routine), 18, 33, 59--60, 98, 104, 109--114, 120, 129, 137,
 141, 147, 153, 166.\¬
Output routines, {\sl see} {\≡\output≡\}.\¬
{\≡\over≡\} (specify built-up fraction), 64, 82, 130, 134, 139, 149.\¬
{\≡\overline≡\} (put line over formula), 63, 67, 82, 132, 134.\¬
Overfull box, 25--26, 143, 147.
\newletter p
{\≡\P≡\} ( $\P$ ), 61, 179.\¬
{\≡\page≡\} (completed page), 60, 102, 111, 113, 115--116, 124, 133, 143.\¬
Page break, 57--60.\¬
Page break penalties, 58--59, 117, 120, 129.\¬
Page building, 57--60.\¬
Page numbers, 59--60, 111--113.\¬
{\≡\par≡\} (end of paragraph), 23, 28, 30--32, 51, 57, 114, 125, 135, 146.\¬
Paragraph, beginning of, 56, 116--117.
\*ending of, {\sl see} {\≡\par≡\}.\¬
Parameter, 97.\¬
Parameter text, 97--98.\¬
Parameters to \TEX, {\sl see} {\≡\chpar≡\}, Glue parameters, Dimension parameters,
 Size parameters.\¬
Parentheses, 42, 75.\¬
{\≡\parindent≡\} (amount of indentation at beginning of paragraph), 18, 56, 117,
 119, 128, 136, 153.\¬
{\tt parsize}, 144.\¬
{\≡\parskip≡\} (additional glue between para\-graphs), 57, 116, 119, 128, 136,
 153.\¬
{\≡\partial≡\} ( $\partial$ ), 149, 179.\¬
{\tt pc} (pica), 40.\¬
Penalties for hyphenation, 54, 56, 120, 129.\¬
Penalties, 27, 54--59, 84, 105, 107, 117, 120, 126, 129, 135.\¬
{\≡\penalty≡\} (line or page break penalty), 27, 54--57, 84, 107, 117, 126, 135.\¬
Period, 48--49, 71--72, 82.\¬
{\≡\perp≡\} ( $\perp$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\Phi≡\} ( $\Phi$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\phi≡\} ( $\phi$ ), 61, 177.\¬
{\≡\Phiit≡\} ( $\Phiit$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\Pi≡\} ( $\Pi$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\pi≡\} ( $\pi$ ), 52, 149, 177.\¬
Pica, 40.\¬
{\≡\Piit≡\} ( $\Piit$ ), 177.\¬
{\tt plus}, 47, 50.\¬
{\≡\pm≡\} ( $\pm$ ), 178.\¬
Point, 40--41.\¬
Polish crossed l and L, 38--39.\¬
{\≡\Pr≡\} (probability operator), 72, 152.\¬
Preamble to an alignment, 104--109.\¬
{\≡\prec≡\} ( $\prec$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\preceq≡\} ( $\preceq$ ), 178.\¬
Pretzels, 79.\¬
{\≡\prime≡\} ( $\prime$ ), 63, 179.\¬
{\≡\prod≡\} ( $\prod$ ), 179.\¬
Proper names, 53.\¬
{\≡\Pscr≡\} ( $\Pscr$ ), 149, 177.\¬
{\≡\Psi≡\} ( $\Psi$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\psi≡\} ( $\psi$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\Psiit≡\} ( $\Psiit$ ), 177.\¬
{\tt pt} (point), 40, 78, 141.\¬
Punct box, 82--84, 133, 176.\¬
Punctuation marks, 48, 53.
\*in math formulas, 71--72.
\newletter q
{\≡\qquad≡\} (double quad space), 80, 89, 152.\¬
{\≡\quad≡\} (quad space), 80--81, 88--89, 123, 133.\¬
Quad middle, 57.\¬
Quads, 80.\¬
Question mark, 48, 71.\¬
Quotation marks, 4--7, 20, 35, 48.\¬
{\≡\Qscr≡\} ( $\Qscr$ ), 177.
\newletter r
{\≡\ragged≡\} (degree of raggedness), 25--26, 56, 120, 129, 151.\¬
Ragged right margins, 26, 56.\¬
{\≡\raise≡\} (shift a box up), 63, 102, 125, 133, 139.\¬
{\≡\rangle≡\} ( $\rangle$ ), 75, 178.\¬
{\≡\rceil≡\} ( $\rceil$ ), 75, 178.\¬
{\≡\real≡\} ( $\real$ ), 179.\¬
Recovery from errors, 21--27, 114--115, 122, 131, 138--148.\¬
Reference point, 42--45.\¬
Rel box, 82--85, 133, 176.\¬
Relations, 55--56, 82--83, 96, 178.\¬
{\≡\relv≡\} ( $\relv$ ), 87--88, 178.\¬
{\≡\relvv≡\} ( $\relvv$ ), 87, 178.\¬
Restricted horizontal mode, 50, 52.
\*summary, 121--130.\¬
Restricted vertical mode, 33, 50, 52.
\*summary, 114--121.\¬
Result text, 97--99.\¬
{\≡\rfloor≡\} ( $\rfloor$ ), 75, 178.\¬
{\≡\rho≡\} ( $\rho$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\right≡\} (variable-size right delimiter), 75--79, 82, 88--89, 96, 131.\¬
Right brace, 88.\¬
Right justification, 50, 151.\¬
{\≡\rightset≡\} ($\}$ in set definition), 88, 152.\¬
{\≡\rightv≡\} ( $\rightv$ ), 87, 90, 178.\¬
{\≡\rightvv≡\} ( $\rightvv$ ), 87, 178.\¬
{\≡\rjustline≡\} (right justify a line), 151.\¬
{\tt rm} fonts, 73--74, 125, 170.\¬
{\≡\rm≡\} (roman), 12, 153.\¬
Roman fonts, 170.\¬
Roman letters in formulas, 72--74.\¬
Roots, 63.\¬
{\≡\rpile≡\} (right-justified pile), 90, 152.\¬
{\≡\Rscr≡\} ( $\Rscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\rsh≡\} ( $\rsh$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\rslash≡\} ( $\rslash$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\rt≡\} (rightify), 89, 151.\¬
Rule box (line rule), 43, 99, 101, 102, 105, 108--109, 115, 124.\¬
Rulers, 41.\¬
Runaway argument, 141.\¬
Running headline, 112, 155.\¬
Running \TEX, 18--27.
\newletter s
{\≡\s≡\} (tilde), 38, 64, 132.\¬
{\≡\save≡\} (save a box), 101, 113--114, 116, 125, 133, 139.\¬
{\tt savesize}, 144.\¬
Scandinavian circle accent, 38--39, 132.\¬
Script letters, 10, 177.\¬
Script size, 65, 74.\¬
Script style, 65--67.\¬
Scriptscript size, 66, 74.\¬
Scriptscript style, 65--67.\¬
{\≡\scriptscriptstyle≡\} (script\-script style), 63, 68, 135.\¬
{\≡\scriptstyle≡\} (script style), 68, 71, 135, 149.\¬
{\≡\sec≡\} (secant operator), 72, 151.\¬
{\≡\section≡\} ( $\section$ ), 61, 179.\¬
Semicolon, 48, 71, 82.\¬
{\≡\setcount≡\} (set a counter), 111, 120, 129, 137.\¬
Sets in math, 61, 88.\¬
Setting glue, 46, 99--103.\¬
Shifted boxes, 102, 116, 125, 133.\¬
Shrink component of glue, 45--50, 55, 58, 101.\¬
{\≡\Sigma≡\} ( $\Sigma$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\sigma≡\} ( $\sigma$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\Sigmait≡\} ( $\Sigmait$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\simeq≡\} ( $\simeq$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\sin≡\} (sine operator), 72--73, 151.\¬
{\tt size}, 33, 100, 104, 115, 124, 133.\¬
{\≡\sl≡\} (slanted roman), 12, 17, 153.\¬
Slanted type, 157.\¬
Slash, 36, 82.\¬
Slavic accent, 38, 132.\¬
{\≡\smallint≡\} ( $\smallint$ ), 179.\¬
Space, {\sl see} Blank space character, Glue, Variable space.\¬
\<space\>, 114, 121, 123, 124, 131.\¬
Space component of glue, 45--50.\¬
Space factor, 48, 53.\¬
Spacing in math formulas, 79--84, 87--88.\¬
Spacing in math formulas, 79--84.
\*table, 81.\¬
\<spec\>, 33, 115, 124, 133.\¬
{\≡\spose≡\} (superpose), 63, 101, 108--109, 152.\¬
{\≡\sqrt≡\} (square root), 63, 67, 74--75, 78, 81--82, 132, 134.\¬
{\≡\sqsub≡\} ( $\sqsub$ ), 178.\¬
Square root, {\sl see} {\≡\sqrt≡\}.\¬
{\≡\squnion≡\} ( $\squnion$ ), 179.\¬
{\≡\ss≡\} ( \ss\ ), 37, 122, 148.\¬
{\≡\Sscr≡\} ( $\Sscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\tt stacksize}, 144.\¬
Stanford conventions, 19, 24, 198.\¬
States, 29--33.\¬
{\≡\sterling≡\} ( $\sterling$ ), 61, 179.\¬
Stopping \TEX, 22, 121.\¬
Stretch component of glue, 45--50, 55.
\*infinite, 49--50.\¬
{\tt stringsize}, 144.\¬
Styles of math setting, 65--67, 130, 135.\¬
SUAI code, 18, 35, 169.\¬
Subformula, 82, 130--131.\¬
Subscript, 62--63, 66, 84, 132, 134, 140.\¬
{\≡\subset≡\} ( $\subset$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\succ≡\} ( $\succ$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\succeq≡\} ( $\succeq$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\sum≡\} ( $\sum$ ), 64, 69, 77--78, 96, 149, 179.\¬
Summation, 69--71, 91.\¬
{\≡\sup≡\} (supremum operator), 72, 152.\¬
Superposition, 63, 101, 108--109, 152.\¬
Superscripts, 62--63, 66, 78, 84, 132, 134, 140.\¬
{\≡\supset≡\} ( $\supset$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\surd≡\} ( $\surd$ ), 179.\¬
{\tt sy} fonts, 73--74, 79, 125, 173.\¬
Symbol fonts, 73--74, 79, 125, 173.
\newletter t
{\≡\t≡\} (tie), 38, 132, 148.\¬
\<tab\>\ ({\tt TAB}), 32, 165.\¬
{\≡\≡\}\<tab\>, 12.\¬
{\≡\tabskip≡\} (glue in alignments), 18, 105--109, 118, 119, 127, 128, 136.\¬
{\≡\tan≡\} (tangent operator), 72, 151.\¬
{\≡\tau≡\} ( $\tau$ ), 4, 177.\¬
{\≡\TEX≡\} (\TEX\ logo), 9, 17.\¬
\TEX, meaning of, 4.\¬
\TEX\ logo, 9, 17, 44.\¬
Text size, 66, 74.\¬
Text style, 65--67.\¬
{\≡\textindent≡\} (insert text into paragraph indent), 159, 165.\¬
{\≡\textstyle≡\} (text style), 68, 135.\¬
{\tt.TFX}, 198.\¬
Theorems, 157--158.\¬
{\≡! There's no ...≡\}, 117, 126, 135, 144.\¬
{\≡\Theta≡\} ( $\Theta$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\theta≡\} ( $\theta$ ), 61, 73, 177.\¬
{\≡\Thetait≡\} ( $\Thetait$ ), 177.\¬
Thick space, 80--84.\¬
Thin space, 7, 71, 80--84, 88, 133, 151--152.\¬
Three-column format, 113--114.\¬
Three dots, 85--87, 90--91.\¬
Tie accent, 38, 132, 148.\¬
Tilde accent, 38, 64, 132.\¬
{\≡\times≡\} ( $\times$ ), 178.\¬
{\tt to}, 33.\¬
{\tt to} \<dimen\>, 101, 104, 115, 124, 133, 145.\¬
{\tt to size}, 100, 104, 115, 124, 133.\¬
Tokens, 22, 97--98, 146.\¬
{\≡! Too many ...≡\}, 115, 122, 145.\¬
{\≡\top≡\} ( $\top$ ), 179.\¬
{\≡\topbaseline≡\} (normal position of top baseline on page), 18, 59, 119, 128,
 136, 153.\¬
{\≡\topinsert≡\} (insertion at top of page), 52, 54, 57, 59, 118, 127.\¬
{\≡\topmark≡\} (current mark at top of page), 110--112, 117, 126, 135, 166.\¬
{\≡\topskip≡\} (glue below {\≡\topinsert≡\}), 59, 119, 128, 136.\¬
{\≡\trace≡\} (combination of tracing facilities), 18, 98, 120, 121, 129, 130, 137,
 142, 147, 151.\¬
Tracing, 146--147.\¬
Translation of characters in math mode, 35, 60, 176.\¬
Truth, 2.\¬
{\≡\Tscr≡\} ( $\Tscr$ ), 177.\¬
Two-column format, 113--114.\¬
{\≡\twoline≡\} (two line display), 94--96, 152.\¬
Typewriter fonts, 171.\¬
Typewriter type used in this manual, 5.
\newletter u
{\≡\u≡\} (breve), 38--39, 132.\¬
Umlaut accent, 8, 23, 35, 38, 132, 148.\¬
{\≡! Undefined ...≡\}, 21, 114, 122, 131, 145.\¬
{\≡\underline≡\} (put line under formula), 11, 63, 67, 82, 132, 134.\¬
Underlining, 162, {\sl see also} {\≡\underline≡\}.\¬
{\≡\union≡\} ( $\union$ ), 179.\¬
Units of measure, 33, 40--41.\¬
{\≡\up≡\} ( $\up$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\uplus≡\} ( $\uplus$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\Upsilon≡\} ( $\Upsilon$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\upsilon≡\} ( $\upsilon$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\Upsilonit≡\} ( $\Upsilonit$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\Uscr≡\} ( $\Uscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡! Use of ...≡\}, 97, 145.
\newletter v
{\≡\v≡\} (Slavic accent), 38, 132.\¬
{\≡\valign≡\} (vertical alignment), 52, 104, 109, 115, 118, 126.\¬
Variable-size delimiters, 74--79.\¬
Variable space, 26, 48.\¬
{\≡\varomega≡\} ( $\varomega$ ), 61, 177.\¬
{\≡\varphi≡\} ( $\varphi$ ), 61, 177.\¬
{\tt varsize}, 144.\¬
{\≡\vartheta≡\} ( $\vartheta$ ), 61, 177.\¬
{\≡\vcenter≡\} (vertically center a \<vlist\>\ box), 88--89, 93, 107, 135.\¬
{\≡\vdash≡\} ( $\vdash$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\vdots≡\} (vertical ellipsis), 90--91, 152.\¬
Vector, 85--86, 91, 96--97.\¬
Vector accent, 38, 64, 132.\¬
Vertical glue, 20, 40, 47, 58, 105, 112, 116, 146.\¬
Vertical lines in math, 75, 87.\¬
Vertical list, 43--45, 114.\¬
Vertical mode, 33, 50--52, 57.
\*summary, 114--121.\¬
Vertical rules, 43, 99, 101, 102, 108--109, 124.\¬
{\≡\≡\}\<vertical-tab\>, 12.\¬
\<vertical-tab\>\ ({\tt VT}), 32, 165.\¬
{\≡\vfill≡\} (vertical glue fill), 23, 50, 52, 58, 112--113, 116.\¬
{\≡\vjust≡\} (vertical justification), 52, 100--103, 107, 112--113, 115, 124, 133.\¬
\<vlist\>, 100, 105, 114.\¬
Vowel, 181.\¬
{\≡\vrule≡\} (vertical rule), 43, 99, 108, 124, 148.\¬
{\≡\Vscr≡\} ( $\Vscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\vsize≡\} (page height), 18, 59, 112--113, 119, 121, 128, 136.\¬
{\≡\vskip≡\} (vertical glue), 20, 40, 47, 58, 112, 116, 146.
\newletter w
{\tt Warning: ...}, 198.\¬
Widow lines, penalty for, 58--59, 120, 129.\¬
Width, 41--45.\¬
{\tt width}, 99.\¬
{\≡\wp≡\} ( $\wp$ ), 179.\¬
{\≡\Wscr≡\} ( $\Wscr$ ), 177.
\newletter x
{\≡\x≡\} (extension), 117, 126, 135.\¬
XGP, 20, 24, 198.\¬
{\tt xgp}, 198.\¬
{\≡\Xi≡\} ( $\Xi$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\xi≡\} ( $\xi$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\Xiit≡\} ( $\Xiit$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\Xscr≡\} ( $\Xscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\xskip≡\} (additional space in text), 47, 159, 165.
\newletter y
{\≡! You can't ...≡\}, 121, 130, 138, 146.\¬
{\≡\Yscr≡\} ( $\Yscr$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\yskip≡\} (extra space between paragraphs), 47, 158--159, 165.\¬
{\≡\yyskip≡\} (double {\≡\yskip≡\}), 47, 158, 165.
\newletter z
{\≡\zeta≡\} ( $\zeta$ ), 177.\¬
{\≡\Zscr≡\} ( $\Zscr$ ), 10, 177.
\newletter 0
7-bit character codes, 32, 34--35, 122, 168--173.\¬
{\≡\9≡\} (digit-width space), 164, 165.\¬
9-bit character codes, 74, 79, 132, 141, 176.
\newletter .
\<\ \>, ({\tt SP}), 32, 165.\¬
{\tt\char'40}, 5.\¬
{\≡\≡char'40≡\}, 8--9, 12, 33, 49, 81, 123, 133.\¬
{\≡\!≡\} (negative thin space or ignore space), 31, 81, 106, 112, 124, 133.\¬
{\≡\"≡\} (umlaut), 8, 23, 35, 38, 132, 148.\¬
{\≡#≡\}, 28, 97--98, 104--109, 142.\¬
{\≡\#≡\} ( $\#$ ), 179.\¬
{\≡##≡\}, 97--99.\¬
{\≡$≡\}, 28, 29, 51, 60, 66, 125, 131.\¬
{\≡\$≡\} ( $\$$ ), 108, 179.\¬
{\≡$$≡\}, 33, 51--52, 66, 125--126.\¬
{\≡%≡\}, 28, 34.\¬
{\≡\%≡\} ( \%\ ), 34, 151.\¬
{\≡\≡`≡\} (grave accent), 38, 132, 148.\¬
{\≡\≡'≡\} (acute accent), 8, 10, 38, 132.\¬
{\≡\*≡\} (discretionary $\times$), 55, 84, 85, 134.\¬
{\≡\,≡\} (thin space), 7, 81--84, 88, 133, 151--152.\¬
{\≡-≡\}, 36, 123.\¬
{\≡\-≡\} (discretionary hyphen), 26, 54, 124.\¬
{\≡/≡\}, 36, 82.\¬
{\≡\/≡\} (italic correction), 43, 124, 142.\¬
{\≡\≡\}, 7, 28.\¬
{\≡\:≡\} (select current font), 12--15, 18, 36, 118-119, 127--128, 136.\¬
{\≡\;≡\} (thick space), 81, 83--84, 133.\¬
{\≡\<≡\} (negative op space), 81, 133, 152.\¬
{\≡\≡≤≡\} (negative conditional thin space), 81, 133.\¬
{\≡\=≡\} (macron), 38--39, 64, 132.\¬
{\≡\≡≥≡\} (conditional thin space), 81, 83, 133, 152.\¬
{\≡\>≡\} (op space), 81, 83, 133.\¬
{\≡\?≡\} (negative thick space), 81, 133.\¬
{\≡{≡\}, 15--16, 28, 62--63, 115, 121, 122, 131.\¬
{\≡\{≡\} ( $\{$ ), 75, 90, 178.\¬
{\≡}≡\}, 15--16, 28, 62--63, 115, 121, 122, 131, 141.\¬
{\≡\}≡\} ( $\}$ ), 75, 178.\¬
{\≡↑≡\}, 28, 62--63, 70, 132, 140.\¬
{\≡\↑≡\} ( $\↑$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡≡↓≡\}, 28, 62--63, 70, 73, 132, 140.\¬
{\≡\≡↓≡\} ( $\↓$ ), 178.\¬
{\tt←}, 179.\¬
{\≡\←≡\} ( $\←$ ), 10, 178.\¬
{\≡→≡\}, 176.\¬
{\≡\→≡\} ( $\→$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\≡spose←≡\}\hskip2pt{\≡→≡\} ( $\↔$ ), 178.\¬
{\≡\@≡\} ( $\@$ ), 179.\¬
$α$, 35.\¬
{\≡\|≡\} ( $\|$ ), 75, 179.\¬
{\≡⊗≡\}, 28, 88--89, 104--108, 117--118, 126--127, 135, 144.\¬
$\ldotss$, 49, 85--87, 90--91.
\par\vfill
\postindexappbegin S. {Special notes about using \TEX\ at Stanford}
(1) The standard \TEX\ program that you get by typing ``{\tt r tex}''
requires that fonts {\tt @}, {\tt a}, {\tt d}, {\tt f}, {\tt g}, {\tt j}, {\tt l},
{\tt n}, {\tt q}, {\tt u}, {\tt x}, {\tt z}, and {\tt ?} be reserved for
the fonts declared in Appendix B. (The reason is that the system program
already has the font information for these fonts in its memory; this avoids
making \TEX\ reload thirteen separate font information files each time.)

\yskip\noindent
(2) The standard \TEX\ program produces output for the XGP. To produce output
for the Alphatype (when it is available) we will use another program ``{\tt
texa}''.

\yskip\noindent
(3) You can type ``{\tt xgp}'' before a unit of measure, to avoid the expansion
factor. For example, ``{\≡\hsize 3 xgpin≡\}'' gives $3\times200$ pixels, which
equals 3 inches (more or less) on our XGP.

\yskip\noindent
(4) The extension ``{\tt.TEX}'' is assumed to apply to {\≡\input≡\} file
names if you do not specify the extension. If \TEX\ can't find the file
in your area, it tries system area {\tt[1,3]}
before giving up. (File {\tt basic.TEX} is on this area.)
Your output file will have the same name as the first file you {\≡\input≡\},
except that the extension will be changed to ``{\tt XGP}''.

\yskip\noindent
(5) The message ``{\tt Warning: page limits exceeded!}'' 
is given when you try to output something below the place where the output
page is cut, i.e., more than one xgp inch below the bottom of the box
output by the {\≡\output≡\} routine.

\danger (6) If a font you are using isn't on area {\tt[XGP,SYS]}, you must
mention the area explicitly. \TEX\ ignores the extension on font file names;
the XGP server will assume that the extension is ``{\tt.FNT}'', and \TEX\
assumes that the font information is on another file with the extension
``{\tt.TFX}''. (This applies to XGP fonts only; Alphatype fonts will be on
area {\tt[ALP,SYS]}, and the corresponding \TEX\ font information will have
extension ``{\tt.TFA}''.)

\ddanger (7) Documentation for the \TEX\ processor appears in the file
{\tt TEXSYS.SAI} on area {\tt[TEX,DEK]}, and in several other files mentioned there.

\yyskip\noindent\hangindent 55pt for 2
\hjust to 0pt{\hskip-53pt\:@\char'177\char'177\char'177\hfill}\ninepoint
(8) The implementation of \TEX\ is explicitly designed so that extensions can
be written in SAIL and incorporated into your private version of the system.
You write a module called TEXEXT.SAI and this replaces the dummy extension
module that is ordinarily loaded with the \TEX\ processor.

\vfill